OpenStack的Nova内unittest的几种方式

2019-03-01

字数统计: 883字 | 阅读时长: 4分

阅读量

最近在Python内使用单元测试时,发现了大概三种实现.在这里记录一下,以待后续使用
mock官网地址

1. [mox]使用StubOutWithMock

from mox3 import mox

    def test_create(self):
        req = fakes.HTTPRequest.blank('/fake/xen')
        req.method = 'POST'
        req.headers["content-type"] = "application/json"
        req.environ['nova.context'] = context.RequestContext(
            user_id='fake_user_id', project_id='fake_project_id',
            is_admin=True,
            roles=['admin', '_members_'])
        body_json = {"xen": {"address": "10.160.60.254",
                             "username": "root", "password": "tuscloud",
                             "pool_name": "fake_pool_name",
                             "physical_host": "fake_host"}}
        self.mox.StubOutWithMock(compute_api.API, 'create_xen_pool')
        compute_api.API.create_xen_pool(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())\
            .AndReturn(None)
        self.mox.ReplayAll()
        self.controller.create(req, body_json)

该方法使用self.mox.StubOutWithMock将compute_api.API内的create_xen_pool进行mock,后续使用

1 2	compute_api.API.create_xen_pool(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())\ .AndReturn(None)

mock了该方法的返回值.

并使用了

1	self.mox.ReplayAll()

将所有的mock生效.

注意:

1 2	compute_api.API.create_xen_pool(mox.IgnoreArg(), mox.IgnoreArg())\ .AndReturn(None)

以上代码的create_xen_pool方法内的参数个数与实际的参数个数一致.

该种方法存在问题:若想测试的方法内,同时调用了多次同一个方法.则无法使用该方式.self.mox.StubOutWithMock(compute_api.API, 'create_xen_pool')mock出来的方法,只能被一次有效调用.

2. [stub]使用stubs

def test_disable_host(self):
    def disable_xen_host(self, context, physical_host, host_uuid):
        return None
    req = fakes.HTTPRequest.blank(
        '/fake/xen/disable_host')
    req.method = 'POST'
    req.headers["content-type"] = "application/json"
    req.environ['nova.context'] = context.RequestContext(
        user_id='fake_user_id', project_id='fake_project_id',
        is_admin=True,
        roles=['admin', '_members_'])
    self.stubs.Set(objects.XenHost, 'get_host_by_filter',
                   self.fill_mock_host_enabled)
    self.stubs.Set(compute_api.API, 'disable_xen_host',
                   disable_xen_host)
    body_json = {"xen_host": "fake_host_id"}
    self.controller.disable_host(req, body_json)
    

def fill_mock_host_enabled(self, context, host_uuid):
    _mock_host = objects.XenHost()
    _mock_host.id = 4
    _mock_host.uuid = 'fake_host_id'
    _mock_host.name = 'fake_host_name'
    _mock_host.description = 'for test'
    _mock_host.address = '10.160.59.112'
    _mock_host.username = 'root'
    _mock_host.password = 'tuscloud'
    _mock_host.physical_host = 'sk-xen'
    _mock_host.is_master = 1
    _mock_host.master_uuid = 'c6d72541-bcb6-20f5-f1f0-64c66d24df91'
    _mock_host.pool_uuid = 'fake_pool_id'
    _mock_host.enabled = 1
    _mock_host.status = 'active'
    _mock_host.power_state = 'on'
    return _mock_host

如你所见,我们想要对objects.XenHost的get_host_by_filter进行mock,仅需要一句

1 2	self.stubs.Set(objects.XenHost, 'get_host_by_filter', self.fill_mock_host_enabled)

就可以了.不过这里的self.fill_mock_host_enabled对应的是mock方法的返回值.
注意:

在self.fill_mock_host_enabled方法内的入参个数,要与实际要mock的get_host_by_filter方法要求的参数个数一样.

3. [mock]使用mock

该方法是我主要推荐的方法,最主要是因为写着简单,直接上示例

import mock

    @mock.patch('nova.objects.XenHost.get_host_by_filter')
    @mock.patch('nova.virt.tusxenapi.driver.XenAPIDriver._create_session')
    @mock.patch('nova.virt.tusxenapi.driver.XenAPIDriver._sync_pool_resources')
    def test_add_pool(self, _sync_pool_resources, _create_session, get_host_by_filter):
        pool_config = {
            "address": '192.168.1.1',
            "username": 'fake',
            "password": 'fake',
            "pool_name": 'test_pool_0',
            "physical_host": 'test-phy-host'
        }
        _create_session.return_value = self.create_fake_xen_session(pool_config.get('address', '127.0.0.1'))
        _sync_pool_resources.return_value = self._sync_pool_resources()
        get_host_by_filter.return_value = None
        self.driver.add_pool(context, pool_config)

如上,看着上面的代码有没有感觉很清新啊,基本内部没有什么其他的操作.唯一干的事情就是写上具体mock方法的返回值.

不过,需要注意的是.该方法使用的是装饰器,所以要求mock.patch的顺序与方法内的入参顺序是相反的.其他的就没什么了.你就可以愉快的玩耍了.

额外福利

如何来mock__init__方法内的方法.

import a

class Demo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        ......
        fun_return_value = a.methodB()
        ......

   def methodA(self):
       ......

这里给上使用mock的解决办法

class TestDemo(test.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        super(TestDemo, self).setUp()
        self.mocks = [mock.patch('a.methodB',
                                  mock.MagicMock(return_value=None))]
        for single_mock in self.mocks:
            single_mock.start()
            self.addCleanup(single_mock.stop)